bladder cancer

Introduction to Bladder:

Bladder is use to store the urine in our body produced by kidney. The urine is produced in the kidney. Bladder stretch and get larger when it fill with urine. When the bladder reaches its storage capacity of urine, then bladder walls contracts, although adult have control over the timing. This situation, a urinary control muscles in the urethra relaxes and urine expelled from the bladder. The narrow tubes which the urine passes are called urethra. The process of expelling the urine is called urination.

Introduction to Bladder Cancer:

Bladder Cancer occurs when normal cells go through a conversion whereby they grow up and develop without usual controls. As the cells grow, they form an area of abnormal cells. This is called tumor in medical science. Tumor grows in size when a lot of cells are produced. Bladder cancer is very common cancer. Bladder cancer is a fourth most common types of cancer in men. It is fifth most common cancer in women. In this time 67,000 cases of bladder cancer are expected in every year and approximately 13,000 peoples dies every year due to bladder cancer. The rates are lowest in Asians people. Bladder cancer may be occurring in any age but generally it occurs after the age of 50. The treatment of bladder cancer is very expensive.

Symptoms of Bladder Cancer

• Trouble-free blood in the urine is the most familiar symptom. It ultimately occurs in almost all cases of bladder cancer. In the common cases, the blood is noticeable during urination. In some cases, it is unseen excepting under a microscope. Blood in Hematuria does not confirm the bladder cancer. Blood in the urine has a lot of possible causes. Blood in urine may be due to infection or kidney stone.
• Bladder cancer may include frequent urination and pain upon urination.


• Urinate feeling the strong urge to urinate without producing much urin

Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer

The following tests are used to diagnose the bladder cancer in people they having the symptoms of bladder cancer.

Screening tests: Screening tests are generally performed from time to time. The most commonly used screening tests are as given below:

• Medical interview:In the medical interview doctor asked many questions related to patient’s past and present, medications, job history, and habits and lifestyle.


• Physical examination: In the physical examination doctor wear a glove in finger and insert finger in vagina, rectum, or both of patient to feel for any lumps.


• Urinalysis: Urinalysis is the collection of tests for abnormalities in the urine such as sugar, blood and protein.


• Urine cytology: In this test, a sample of the urine is examined in a microscope to seem for abnormal cells that may advise cancer.


• Cystoscopy: Cystoscope is machine. A very thin pipe with a light and a camera on the end is used to check the inside of the bladder to seem for abnormalities such as tumors. Through the urethra cystoscope is inserted into bladder and cystoscope transmit picture on monitor. Doctor can directly view of inside the bladder on monitor

The following tests may be applied if the cancer is suspected in bladder:

• CT scan: This is used to see the three dimensional picture of bladder. It is better than X-Rays.


• Pyelography: In the Pyelography first special dye injected into a vein than take the picture of bladder on series of x-ray films.


• Biopsy: In the biopsy, sample of tissue remove from bladder wall. The sample is examined by pathologist.


• Urine tests: Urine test may be helpful in diagnosis the bladder cancer in primary stage. In this test sample of urine is examined by pathologist.

 

 

 

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