Design of Breast
The breasts assemble on the chest muscles that cover up the ribs. Every breast is prepared by 15 to 20 lobes. Lobes hold many smaller lobules. Lobules hold groups of small glands that can produce milk. Milk flows from the lobules through thin tubes. These thin tubes called ducts to the nipple. The nipple is in the middle of a dark area of skin. These are called the areola. Fat fills the spaces between the lobules and ducts.
The breasts also hold lymph vessel. This vessel leads to small round organs. This organ called lymph nodes. Groups of lymph nodes are close to the breast in the axilla (underarm), on top of the collarbone, in the chest at the back the breastbone, and in a lot of other parts of the body. The lymph nodes catch bacteria, cancer cells, or other dangerous substance.
Symptoms of breast cancer
Some common symptom of breast cancer in men and women are as follows:
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A change in how the breast or nipple feels and looks.
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A change in the volume or figure of the breast.
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A nipple curved inward into the breast.
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The skin of the breast, areola, or nipple may be rough, red, or swollen. It may have ridges or pitting so that it looks like the skin of an orange.
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Bleeding from the nipple and abnormal skin on breast
Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
If you have any one indication or screening test report that suggests cancer, then take it seriously and immediately contact to your doctor and confirm that it is due to cancer or to some other reason. Doctor may family history. You may have a physical exam. Your doctor also may arrange a mammogram or supplementary imaging procedure. These tests compose films of tissues surrounded by the breast. Later than the tests, your doctor may decide to other test. You may require having a biopsy to seem for cancer cells. Doctor may take the following test:
Clinical breast exam:
Doctor feels each breast for lumps and looks for supplementary problems. If you have a lump surround breast, doctor will feel its size, shape, and quality and also check to see if it moves easily. Benign lumps frequently feel dissimilar from cancerous ones. A hard, unusually shaped lump that feels definitely attached surrounded by the breast is more possible to be cancer.
Diagnostic mammogram
Diagnosis throw the X-Rays picture of the breast is called Diagnostic mammograms. Doctor takes clearer, added detailed picture of areas that look unusual on a screening mammogram. Doctors study more about abnormal breast changes such as pain size or shape. Diagnostic mammograms may focus on a particular part of the breast. They may occupy special techniques and more views than screening mammograms.
Ultrasound
In this technique doctor use a computer to view the picture on monitor screen. Picture shows whether a lump is solid or full with liquefied. A cyst is a fluid-filled sac. Cysts are not cancer but a solid mass may be cancer. Doctor can store the pictures on video or print them out for study. This exam may be used with mammogram.
Magnetic resonance imaging
In this diagnosis MRI uses a powerful magnet with computer. MRI draws the picture of breast tissue and surrounding. Doctor can view this picture on a special type of computer screen or print them out on film for further study. Its also may be used with a mammogram. MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Biopsy
In this diagnosis doctor remove the tissue from breast and check it there is cancer. Doctor uses the different technique for take the tissue from breast. Techniques used by doctor to take the tissue from breast are as follows:
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Fine-needle aspiration: In this technique doctor use a thin needle to remove the fluid from breast. Pathologist checks the fluid in lab with a microscope.
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Core biopsy or needle biopsy: In this technique doctor uses a thick needle to take out breast tissue. A pathologist checks tissue for cancer cells.
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Surgical biopsy: Doctor take out a sample of tissue. A pathologist checks the tissue for cancer cells.
Treatments of breast cancer
Treatments of cancer throw the new technology have decreased the death ration up to 20% over the past ratio. Now much information has discovered about the cause of breast cancer by the researchers and doctors. Breast cancer occurs generally due to genetics or hormonal factors. Following treatments may apply on patient of cancer:
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Surgery: Surgery is a local treatment. Surgery is the very common treatment for breast surgery.
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Hormonal Therapy: Some breast tumors require hormones to develop. Hormone therapy keeps cancer cells from receiving or using the normal hormones they require. Laboratory test can confirm if a breast tumor has hormone receptors. If you have this category of tumor, you could have hormone therapy
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Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy is also known as radiotherapy. In the radiotherapy high-energy rays are used to kill cancer cells and stop them from increasing and dividing. It is a local treatment. Radiation therapy effect only in treated area. We further divide the radiation therapy into two categories:
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Internal Radiation: Radiation can also come from an insert (a small pot of radioactive material) placed directly into or near the tumor.
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External Radiation: Radiation comes from an external machine.
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Chemotherapy: In chemotherapy treatment, drugs are used to kill the cancel cells and stop dividing them. Drugs given by injection into vein or bloodstream and travel in all body organs.
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Biological therapy: Biological therapy is known as biotherapy or immunotherapy. In Biological therapy treatment uses portions of the body's natural immune system to care for a disease. It is also used to keep the body from a number of the side effects of certain treatments. Biological therapy frequently involves to applying of substance called Biological Response Modifiers (BRMs). The body in general produces these substances in small amounts in reaction to infectivity and syndrome.
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