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Cancer Stages:

After the diagnosis of cancer doctor fine the stage of cancer because the treatment of cancer depends on the stages. Today multiple scales in use for measurement of staging of cancer. One of the rank cancers into five stages: 0, I, II, III and IV. O stage cancer is cancer that just beginning. Stage I, II, III and IV depend on the tumor size.

Another staging system is TNM system. In TNM system T stand for tumor size, N stand for lymph node involvement and M stands for metastasis (How much cancer has spread from its original location).

Another popular staging system is known as the TNM system, a three dimensional rating of cancer extensiveness. Using the TNM system, doctors rate the cancers they find on each of three scales, where T stands for tumor size, N stands for lymph node involvement, and M stands for metastasis (the degree to which cancer has spread beyond its original locations).


Primary Tumor (T)

TX

Primary tumor cannot be evaluated

T0

No evidence of primary tumor

Tis

Early cancer that has not spread

T1, T2, T3, T4

Size and/or extent of the primary tumor

Regional Lymph Nodes (N)

NX

Regional lymph nodes cannot be evaluated

N0

No cancer found in the lymph nodes)

N1, N2, N3

Involvement of regional lymph nodes

Distant Metastasis (M)

MX

Distant metastasis cannot be evaluated

M0

Cancer has not spread

M1

Cancer has spread to distant parts of the body

In the TNM system, a large tumor that not spread might be rated T3,N0,M0. A small and aggressive tumor might be rated T2,N2,M1.

In another staging system which is in use by National Cancer Institute is called summary staging. There are three stages in summary staging: First is In situ or early cancer (Stage 0 cancer). It is used for cancer that is not started to spread. Second is regional. It is for used cancer that has spread to local lymph nodes. Third is distant. It is used for cancer that has spread to distant organ.

 

 

 

 



 

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