Overian cancer:

Ovary is a reproductive organ of female. Ovary looks like an almond in size. Ovary produce eggs, sex hormones and progesterone. Women have two ovaries, both side of the uterus. In the childbearing age in women, every month ovaries produces egg. The egg goes in uterus through fallopian tube. In this duration, if it is not fertilized by sperm it goes out of womb with the monthly period. After the childbearing age in women, ovary produces these hormones in less so the periods stop. Ovarian cancer is a top fifth cancer in women. It is generally occur after the age of 50 it may be in any age. Detection of ovarian cancer in early stage is very difficult. In ovarian cancer, ovarian cells grows abnormally and uncontrolled. Old cells do not die and new cells form when it not require. These extra cells can develop a tumor. This tumor may be a benign tumor or malignant Tumor. Benign tumors are not a cancer. Benign tumor can be removed and it does not grow back and it is not spread in other parts of the body. Malignant tumors are a cancer. Malignant tumor may be a life threatening. Malignant tumor grows back after the surgery and it spread in other parts of body close to ovary.

Sign and Symptoms of Overian Cancer:

Ovarian can in early stage have no any symptoms but it may include:

• Pain in pelvis, abdomen, back or legs

• Swollen in abdomen

• Bleeding or heavy periods from the vagina

• Weight loss

• Feeling tired

• Abnormalities in periods

• Vomiting

• Gas

• Loss of Hunger

• Pain during sex

Causes of Overian Cancer:

The exact cause of ovarian cancer is unknown but the fallowing factors increase the risk of ovarian cancer:

•  Age: The risk of ovarian cancer increase after the age of 50.

• Size: The risk of ovarian cancer is high in heaviest women.

• Reproductive history: The woman who has no child has a higher risk of ovarian cancer than who has no child.

• Gynecologic surgery: Tubal ligation and hysterectomy (deduction of the uterus without ovaries) also reduce the risk of ovarian cancer.

• Fertility drugs: Using the fertility drug for more than one year, increase the risk of ovarian cancer.

• Androgens: Danazol is a drug use to treat endometriosis, increase the risk of ovarian cancer.

• Family history of ovarian, breast or colorectal cancer: Ovarian Cancer may inherit from family. If your mother, sister or daughter has the ovarian cancer, you have higher risk of ovarian cancer.

• Personal history of breast cancer: If you have breast cancer than, you have a higher risk of ovarian cancer.

• Talcum powder: Talcum powder use directly to the genital area or on hygienic napkins may be increase the risk of ovarian cancer.

• Diet : A fat diet decreases the risk of ovarian cancer.

• Smoking and alcohol use: Smoking and alcohol do not effect the risk of ovarian cancer but it also increase the risk for mucinous type.

Diagnosis of Overian Cancer:

If you have the symptoms of ovarian cancer then contact to doctor. Doctor may advice you for the following test:

• Physical exam: In this test doctor check the health and general sign. Doctor can touch the abdomen to check for tumor. Doctor can remove the fluid to look for ovarian cells.

• Pelvic exam: In this test doctor look the changes in size and shape of ovaries and area close to ovaries.

• Blood tests: In this test blood taken out for by pathologist.

• Ultrasound: In this test doctor can see the picture of ovaries and area close to ovaries. For better view of picture transvaginal ultrasound may be used. In the transvaginal ultrasound a device inserted in the vagina.

• Biopsy: In this test doctor take out tissue and fluid for look the cancer cells.

Treatment of Ovarian Cancer:

Treatment of cancer depends on the stage of it.

• Surgery is usually removed to ovarian cancer. During the surgery all the reproductive organs of women except the vagina taken out from body to remove the cancer cells. This operation is called abdominal. In surgery doctor found the spread area of cancer and remove as much it as possible. In the younger patient who wants to pregnant in future, only effected ovary and fallopian tube remove. Women have two ovaries. In general only one ovary has cancer cells. If both ovary will remove, patient could not pregnant later.

• Chemotherapy is used to treat the ovarian cancer. In this treatment powerful drugs used to kill the cancer cells. Chemotherapy may be used after the surgery to kill the remaining cancer cells. Chemotherapy is also used without surgery to control the cancer growth.

• Radiation therapy is also used to treat the ovarian cancer. In this therapy, high energy rays used to kill the cancer cells.